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Select 2–3 profiles from the English Library. Class and grade describe evidence and regulatory context, not comparative effectiveness or suitability for an individual.

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Evidence boundaries, not cross-trial treatment outcomes
Molecule	PNC-27	LL-37	GHK-Cu
Research Topic	Tissue / Repair Research	Tissue / Repair Research	Tissue / Repair Research
Pharmacology	Experimental p53-derived membrane-active peptide / oncology models	Cathelicidin host-defence peptide	Copper(II)-binding tripeptide complex / tissue-remodelling research
PrimeCore Class	Class CExperimental / limited evidence	Class BInvestigational	Class CExperimental / limited evidence
Evidence Grade	Grade EPreclinical evidence	Grade CEarly human evidence	Grade CEarly human evidence
Evidence boundary	PNC-27 is an experimental membrane-active p53-derived peptide. Cancer-cell findings are not patient treatment evidence and do not establish whole-body safety. FDA records a 2017 bacterial-contamination alert for a specific PNC-27 product; it neither proves all products contaminated nor clears other lots.	LL-37 has investigational topical wound data, not blanket antimicrobial approval. The 148-patient phase IIb trial did not improve healing significantly in the overall cohort; post-hoc large-ulcer signals require confirmation. FDA describes impurity/immunogenicity concerns and nonclinical safety signals. Topical findings do not establish injection safety.	A copper-binding tripeptide with route-specific evidence; topical cosmetic research does not establish injectable systemic benefit.
Unknowns	Insufficient data in the current dataset	Insufficient data in the current dataset	clinical benefit and long-term safety of injectable GHK-Cu whether results from an older topical ulcer gel replicate in modern confirmatory trials optimal and safe formulation for each topical indication without extrapolating dose or route clinical relevance of collagen, gene-expression and matrix biomarkers results of Phase 2 NCT07437586, which has no posted results outcome of the planned FDA PCAC review before the end of February 2027; date and location remained unscheduled on 23 August 2026
Limitations	English translation is not yet verified for 1 excerpt(s). This is a language gap, not an absence of risks or uncertainty. Read original excerpts (Thai / mixed language) Cancer-cell killing ≠ human cancer treatment; ห้ามใช้ข้อมูลนี้แทนหรือชะลอแผนการรักษาจากทีมมะเร็ง	English translation is not yet verified for 1 excerpt(s). This is a language gap, not an absence of risks or uncertainty. Read original excerpts (Thai / mixed language) Host-defence peptide ≠ approved antibiotic; ไม่ยืนยันการรักษาการติดเชื้อทุกชนิดหรือ systemic immune boosting	The human literature is small, old or formulation-specific. One controlled ulcer study has a positive abstract but does not report the total sample size there; the post-laser study had only 13 completers and no significant objective benefit. Cosmetic studies often use multiple ingredients and surrogate appearance endpoints. Preclinical mechanisms do not establish clinical outcomes, and topical evidence cannot be transferred to injection or systemic use.
Sources	FDA · Health Fraud Product Database; PNC-27 entry dated 10 January 2017 Membrane HDM-2 study · PMID 20080680 Intact-peptide lysis study · PMID 20182728	FDA · Cathelicidin LL-37 safety-risk entry HEAL LL-37 · PMID 34687253 First-in-human wound trial · PMID 25041740	https://www.fda.gov/media/94155/download https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/certain-bulk-drug-substances-use-compounding-may-present-significant-safety-risks https://www.fda.gov/advisory-committees/pharmacy-compounding-advisory-committee/meeting-pharmacy-compounding-advisory-committee https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/understanding-risks-compounded-drugs https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07437586 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17147644/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16847171/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11121126/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11045606/ https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredient-database/cosing-glossary-ingredients_en https://products.mhra.gov.uk/
Read more	Read English overview Complete evidence profile (Thai)	Read English overview Complete evidence profile (Thai)	Read English overview Complete evidence profile (Thai)

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Missing fields mean information is unavailable in the current structured dataset, not that a molecule has no risks or uncertainties. English translations retain the original evidence boundaries. Where translation is not yet verified, the original Thai excerpts remain available under an explicit label. Sources retain their original language.

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